Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) Practice Exam

What medication should be given intravenously in cases of severe asthma exacerbation?

1. Hydrocortisone

2. Salbutamol

3. Ipratropium Bromide

4. Aminophylline

The correct answer is: Hydrocortisone

In cases of severe asthma exacerbation, intravenous administration of hydrocortisone is a key therapeutic strategy. This systemic corticosteroid is critical for its anti-inflammatory properties, helping to reduce inflammation in the airways quickly. In severe cases, oral or intramuscular corticosteroids may not be fast enough, and intravenous hydrocortisone allows for a more immediate effect, enabling rapid management of the exacerbation. The other medications listed serve different roles in asthma management. Salbutamol (a bronchodilator) is often given via nebulization or metered-dose inhaler but may not be effective in rapidly reducing inflammation. Ipratropium bromide is used as an adjunct treatment but is also typically administered via inhalation rather than intravenously. Aminophylline can be considered in certain cases but is less commonly used due to its side effect profile and the need for careful monitoring. Thus, intravenous hydrocortisone is the most appropriate choice in managing severe asthma exacerbations due to its rapid action and efficacy in addressing inflammatory components of the condition.