Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) Practice Exam

What is the most common category of acute kidney injury (AKI) causes?

1. Post Renal

2. Intrinsic/Renal

3. Pre Renal

4. Acute Tubular Necrosis

The correct answer is: Pre Renal

The most common category of acute kidney injury (AKI) causes is pre-renal. Pre-renal causes are primarily related to a reduction in blood flow to the kidneys, which can result from conditions such as dehydration, heart failure, or other factors that decrease renal perfusion. This category is typically associated with reversible dysfunction, provided the underlying cause is promptly identified and treated. With pre-renal causes, the kidneys themselves are structurally intact but are not receiving enough blood supply to function effectively. This is why understanding fluid status, blood pressure, and overall perfusion are critical during assessment. Recognizing pre-renal causes as the most prevalent form of AKI is essential because it allows for early intervention strategies that can significantly impact patient outcomes. Addressing the underlying issue often leads to a swift return of kidney function, distinguishing this category from intrinsic or post-renal causes, which may require more complex management due to structural damage or obstruction.