Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) Practice Exam

What is the first treatment administered for suspected bacterial meningitis?

1. Oxygen 15L

2. IV Fluids

3. 1.2g Benzylpenicillin

4. Dexamethasone IV

The correct answer is: 1.2g Benzylpenicillin

For suspected bacterial meningitis, the initiation of treatment with intravenous benzylpenicillin is critical because it serves as a broad-spectrum antibiotic that can effectively target common pathogens responsible for the condition. Bacterial meningitis is a medical emergency, and timely administration of antibiotics is crucial to improve outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. Benzylpenicillin is particularly important as it is active against Streptococcus pneumoniae and Neisseria meningitidis—the two most common causes of bacterial meningitis. Early intervention is vital in such cases, as delays in antibiotic therapy can lead to severe morbidity or mortality. While other treatments such as oxygen therapy and intravenous fluids may support a patient, they do not directly address the underlying infection. Dexamethasone, while it can reduce inflammation in meningitis, is not the first-line treatment and is typically provided in conjunction with antibiotics, especially in cases caused by pneumococcal meningitis to help reduce complications associated with inflammation. Thus, the selection of benzylpenicillin as the first treatment is pivotal in the management of suspected bacterial meningitis.