Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) Practice Exam

What condition describes an elevated neutrophil count?

1. Neutropenia

2. Neutrophilia

3. Thrombocytopenia

4. Eosinophilia

The correct answer is: Neutrophilia

An elevated neutrophil count is referred to as neutrophilia. Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell crucial for fighting off infections, particularly bacterial infections. When the body responds to infections, inflammation, or other stresses, it often increases the production and release of neutrophils from the bone marrow, leading to an elevated count in the bloodstream. Neutrophilia can occur in various conditions such as acute infections, chronic inflammation, stress responses, and tissue injury. This response is an important part of the immune system's defense mechanism, indicating that the body is reacting to some form of pathological process. In contrast, neutropenia refers to a decreased level of neutrophils, which can increase the risk of infections. Thrombocytopenia involves a low platelet count, affecting blood clotting. Eosinophilia is characterized by an increased eosinophil count, typically associated with allergic reactions or parasitic infections. Hence, the correct answer highlights a specific increase in neutrophils, showcasing the body’s response to various stimuli.