Prescribing Safety Assessment (PSA) Practice Exam

In the case of an infective exacerbation of COPD, what additional treatment should be considered?

1. Intravenous fluids

2. Antibiotics

3. Inhaled steroids

4. Mucolytics

The correct answer is: Antibiotics

In the context of an infective exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), the consideration for antibiotic therapy arises due to the likelihood of bacterial infection triggering the exacerbation. COPD patients are susceptible to infections, particularly in the lower respiratory tract, and when an exacerbation occurs, prompt treatment is necessary to address the underlying bacterial infection. Antibiotics are essential for managing an infective exacerbation, especially when symptoms indicate an increase in sputum production, a change in the color of the sputum, and/or increased breathlessness. This pharmacological intervention not only helps to clear the infection but also aids in preventing complications that can arise from untreated bacterial infections, improving overall patient outcomes. Other treatments, while they may be relevant in managing COPD more generally, do not specifically target the infectious component of an exacerbation in the same direct way that antibiotics do. For example, intravenous fluids are not priority treatment unless there is significant dehydration or other complications. Inhaled steroids can help with inflammation in stable COPD management but are not the first-line treatment during an active infectious exacerbation. Mucolytics can aid in mucus clearance but do not address the infection itself. Thus, the addition of antibiotics in the treatment plan for an infective